Ezra Klein's post on rising premiums is pretty good ...
Republicans have bent over backwards to proclaim their openness to insurance market reforms. Sen. Mike Enzi, for instance, told AARP that "I support fundamental changes that would prevent insurance companies from denying access to anyone needing health insurance coverage." If everyone can access coverage, then the risk pool will become more expensive because the bad risks will no longer be locked out. Enzi, in other words, supports the fundamental change that raises average premiums.
Conversely, the pieces of the bill that have driven the most partisan bickering have been the elements that would drop the cost of average premiums. You may or may not like the public plan, but the Congressional Budget Office and many other analysts have said it will lead to lower premiums for consumers. The individual mandate has sparked a fair amount of Republican opposition, but its purpose is to pull healthy customers into the pool so average premiums remain low. The level of subsidies has created some controversy, but it will offset the premiums costs for most consumers.
Republicans have adopted the insurance industry's talking point that health-care reform will "make the average insurance plan more expensive." The problem is, most of them support, or have previously supported, the elements of the plan that drive that increase. And most of them oppose both the insurance industry's ideas for mitigating the problem (a much stronger individual mandate) and the elements of the Democratic bills that would drive down premium costs.